CANDIDATE INSTRUCTIONS
You are a medical student currently rotating in the emergency department. A consultant has given you a task to take a history from Joseph Rucinski, a 48-year-old man who has come in with a fever.
Please take a complate history from the patient.
At 7 minutes, the examiner will stop you to ask you some questions.
2 Minutes Reading Time
10 Minutes Station Time
Total 12 Minutes
EXAMINER INSTRUCTIONS
Timing Instructions: At 7 minutes, stop the candidate and ask the following questions:
Question 1: What are your differential diagnoses?
Answer 1:
Brain Abscess
Sinusitis
Encephalitis
Meningitis
Seizures
Migraine
Question 2: What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer 2: Brain/Intracranial Abscess
Question 3: How would you manage this patient?
Answer 3:
Admit the patient
Obtain patient’s vitals
Bloods: FBC, U&E, CRP, G&S, coagulation screen and Crossmatch, Blood Cultures
Consider a CT scan or MRI scan of the head
Neurosurgical input
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Brain Abscess
PATIENT INSTRUCTIONS
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Name: Joseph Rucinski
Age: 48 Years Old
Date of Birth: 5th February 1976
Location: Accident and Emergency Department
Occupation: Accountant
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“I have been experiencing a persistent fever over the past few days, and now I am experiencing new symptoms as well. I thought I should get this checked out”
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Fever
Onset: 4 days ago
Temperature measured at home was about 38.7 degrees
Fever comes down at times, with no particular pattern
Each episode of fever varies, cannot put a finger to how long they last
Headache
Site: On the right side of my head.
Onset: Started last night.
Character: Dull ache.
Radiation: Localised.
Associated Symptoms: Nausea, vomited once last night, had a fit this morning at work. Fit stopped after 1 minute. No injuries sustained during fit.
Time: Has not gone away since it started.
Exacerbating and Alleviating Factors: Cannot think of anything that has made things worse or better.
Severity: Pain rated 6/10.
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Precipitating Factors : Cannot think of anything that may have triggered these symptoms
Recent illness: Bad sinus which started a week ago and has not been getting any better.
Recent head trauma: None
Recent travel: None
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Ideas: “I think my sinusitis is causing all these problems.”
Expectations: “Can I have some antibiotics? I read online that antibiotics may help if sinus problems persist – not sure if that’s true?”
Concerns: “I just hope it’s nothing sinister, not too worried otherwise.”
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Bowel habits: Normal
Urinary habits: Normal
Appetite: Decreased ever since all these symptoms started
Sleep: Poor ever since these symptoms started
Weight: Lost about 3kg in the last 3 months. I lost weight as I have been training for an upcoming marathon.
ENT: Ear feels a little stuffy, I think it’s probably due to my sinus problems.
Cardiology: Heart feels like it is racing a little. No chest pain
Ophthalmology: No changes to vision.
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Previous hospital admissions: None
Previous surgeries: None
Medical conditions:
Asthma
Medications:
Blue inhaler for asthma relief
Brown inhaler for asthma prevention
Over the counters:
Vitamin C supplements
Allergies:
Penicillin (gets an itchy rash)
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Mother has type 2 diabetes. The rest of my family is well.
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Smoking: 3 cigarettes a day for the past 20 years.
Alcohol: Only on weekends. Amount varies but typically about three pints of beer on each day of the weekend.
Recreational drugs: Never
Ill contacts: No one around me were ill recently
Pets: None at home
Home: Lives alone in a 2nd floor apartment flat.
Active Daily Living: Good mobility and able to perform daily functions normally.
MARK SCHEME
Introduction
Ideas, Expectations & Concerns
Presenting Complaint
History of Presenting Complaint
Systems Review & Other Information
Past Medical History
Drug History
Family History
Social History
Questions
Patient Scores
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Enter Your Score Here: /45
SCORE GUIDE
High Pass: > 36
Pass: > 27
Borderline Pass: 23 – 27
Fail: < 23
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