CANDIDATE INSTRUCTIONS
You are an FY2 working in the Emergency Department. Mrs Ellie Smith, a 78 year old woman presents with worsening pain in her left hip and reduced mobility.
Take a focused history and explore Mrs Smith’s social circumstances
At 8 minutes, the examiner will stop you to ask some questions
2 Minutes Reading Time
10 Minutes Station Time
Total 12 Minutes
EXAMINER INSTRUCTIONS
Timing Instructions: At 8 minutes, stop the candidate and ask the following questions:
Question 1: Name 3 differential diagnosis
Answer 1
Osteoarthritis
Femoral neck fracture
Muscle Injury
Bursitis/ tendonitis
Osteonecrosis of hip
Question 2: Which sites of the body are most commonly affected in OA?
Answer 2:
Hands
Knees
Hips
Lower back
Question 3: Name 3 X-Ray features of osteoarthritis
Answer3:
Joint space narrowing
Subchondral sclerosis
Subchondral cysts
Osteophyte formation
Question 4: What would be the management?
Answer 4:
Physiotherapy and rehabilitation
Pain relief and NSAIDS
Surgical option (total hip replacement) is most definitive treatment
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Osteoarthritis
PATIENT INSTRUCTIONS
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Name: Ellie Smith
Age: 78 years old
Date of Birth: 25th September 1946
Location: Emergency Department
Occupation: Retired Teacher
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"My left hip has been giving me trouble for the last 6 months and seems to be getting worse."
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Site: Left hip
Onset: Started about 4 months ago
Character: Not sure how to describe it but it's a constant pain. Joints feel a bit stiff as well.
Radiation: No
Assoc Sx: Knee was a bit stiff last weekend but that was after 2 hours of gardening so you doubt it's related
Timing: You think it's worse at the start of the day and eases off as you get moving
Exacerbating Factors: Nothing really, but it's worse first thing in the morning
Relieving Factors: Weirdly enough it goes away when you start working
Pain Scale: Maybe a 6/10 in the morning but the stiff ness is worse
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Came on suddenly one day, nothing I can remember brought it on. Its gotten worse since. I've tried paracetamol and applying some brufen gel which did not help much
Recent illness: None.
Recent trauma: None.
Recent travel: None.
Previous episodes: Never experienced this before.
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Ideas: "Is it just old age?"
Expectations: "Could I get something stronger for the pain?"
Concerns: “It can get quite painful. Could it be something more serious?"
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Bowel habits: Nil
Urinary habits: Nil
Appetite: Same as usual.
Sleep: Same as usual
Weight: No change
Pain in the chest/abdomen: None
Headaches: None
Fever: None
Cardiology: Normal
Respiratory: Normal
Upper limb neurology: Normal, no numbness or tingling.
Lower limb neurology: Just the pain in the hip, the leg might be weaker because of the pain as well
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Previous hospital admissions: Just when I delivered my children
Previous surgeries: 1x Caesarean
Medical conditions:
I have hypertension, but I take my medications and is usually very well controlled.
Medications:
Paracetamol and ibuprofen gel
Allergies:
None.
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None
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Smoking: Never smoked
Alcohol: Couple glasses of wine on the weekend
Recreational drugs: Never
Diet: I usually do the cookiny myself
Exercise: I try to go for walks everyday with my husband
Ill contacts: No one around me was recently ill
Home: Lives with husband in a two storey flat, main carer for husband with dementia
Active Daily Living: Independent with all ADLs , up until recently. Now really struggles with even basic household chores and unable to care for husband.
Home Situation: Barely managing to get up and down the stairs. Worries will not be able to care for husband, not keen on care home for him.
Question for student: Do you think it will get worse? I will need to make preparations for my husband and maybe think of moving into a smaller flat.
Occupation: Retired school teacher
MARK SCHEME
Introduction
Ideas, Expectations & Concerns
Presenting Complaint
History of Presenting Complaint
Systems Review
Past Medical History
Drug History
Family History
Social History
Questions
Patient Scores
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Enter Your Score Here: /52
SCORE GUIDE
High Pass: > 42
Pass: > 31
Borderline Pass: 26 - 31
Fail: < 26
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